With their movements they express their identity and gender as well as their tribal and ethnic affiliation. When the Zakhchin and the tribes of Western Mongolia dance their folk dances ("bij" - "bielgee"), they mainly move the upper part of the body. The morin khuur (horse-head violin or 'fiddle') (morin = horse khuur = sound, rhyme, melody) is the most important traditional instrument for dance and to accompany songs. Ensembles also play for daily rites in the ger (round tents). Ensembles (orchesters) have performed at court or in the monasteries for lamaistic celebrations or in ritual ceremonies. The national music of Mongolia has had a rich background and a great tradition that goes back many centuries. The nomad shepherds in Mongolia, like other nomads from Central Asia, used to play string and wind instruments. Some specific types are: labor songs (work songs) buuvei songs (lullaby) hunter's calls uukhai or gulyingoon songs which are linked to seasonal events (arrival of spring, mare milk flows, horse race training, etc.) many other songs announcing birthdays, weddings, national holidays, winning a horse race or a wrestling competition, celebration of the elders, wool cutting, cashmere combing, arrival of harvest and many more songs for singing and dancing together. In this way, the ancient patterns performed in various corners of Mongolia have been preserved by local masters for the whole nation. The family or the clan meeting constituted a good chance to gather and sing together, the chance to learn from others, and to take home a new melody. Music spread from home to home on the occasion of festivities and by way of teaching.
The Mongolian songs have a rich repertory. In the Mongolian language this designation is also used for important or holy mountains or even whole mountain ranges, such as the Tavan Bogd Mountain Range in the Northern Mongolian part Khuvsgul aimark, the Aj Bogd-Mountain in the Western Mongolian area of the Gobi-Altai province, or the Bogd Khan Mountain Range near Ulaanbaatar, the oldest Mongolian nature reserve (today it is a national park).
The place of residence was called Ulaanbaatar, i.e. He was the last religious and profane ruler of the Mongols who resided in the Khan Bogd Palace. The last Mongolian Khan Bogd died in 1924. Khans were simultaneously highest-ranking Buddhist as well as profane leaders. Since Zanabazar, this highest-ranking representative of the Buddhists in the 17th century, the title Khan Bogd (King Bogd) has been established. He was a celebrated monk and statesman, and he was also Mongolia's greatest artist. Undur Gegeen Zanabazar was the first Bogd (1635-1723), this high-ranking Buddhist monk ruled from Urga, the historic capital of Mongolia. The Mongolians conferred the title Khan (Khan = King) to their highest-ranking ruler (tribal chief) of the tribes. All its members have studied at the academy of music in Ulaanbaa tar.
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